Creating an Emergency Savings Fund in a Few Easy Steps

Having an emergency fund is not a luxury - it is a necessity. Most personal finance experts recommend that people have emergency savings to cover at least between three and six months' worth of regular household expenses. Even if you think you don't need such an account, it's true that eventually you will. You can't predict if you're going to become disabled, have a devastating house fire, or lose your job.

Let's look at how much savings you need, and how you can get started saving today.

How much do you need?

Starting an emergency savings account is something you need to do, but it's also something that you need to put effort into doing. This is a task that you're going to have to want to do.

The first step in starting your emergency fund is figuring out how much you spend each month. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, each person spends about $40,817 each year (as of 2003, the most recent year for which data is available).

On average, you'll need about $3,400 at one month, $6,800 at two months, and more than $10,000 at three months. By six months, those cumulative expenses can jump to more than $20,000.

Even if you spend more or less than these numbers, it's easy to tell that three months' worth of living expenses is a large number. Your first reaction may be, "How on earth am I going to come up with that amount of money?"

Why that much?

It's certainly true that the amount of money you'll need for a proper emergency savings account is a significant figure. This amount is necessary, however, because we do live in uncertain times and are in the midst of a recession. A company having loyalty to you is sadly a thing of the past, and you can lose your job at any time. Other emergencies can be sudden and very expensive. No matter how you cut it, there's never an opportune time for these emergencies to happen.

We know that you probably don't have an extra $10,000 tucked under your mattress. But even six months' worth of expenses, however, is a small amount compared to what you will need for retirement. Very few people don't doubt that they should save for retirement; three or six months' of expenses doesn't look like much when compared to the retirement savings you'll need for 20 years' worth of retirement.

Figuring out the numbers

It's time to start saving now that you've put things in perspective. You should approach this goal the same way that you would approach any other financial task. You need to create a plan and then put it into action.

The first step is to figure out how much money you and your family will spend each month. The three largest categories for most people are housing, transportation, and food. Multiply this monthly figure by three to figure out what you need for three months. Saving this amount of money should be your first goal.

The amount that you will need to save over five years or 2 ½ years is doable for many people. Over five years, the amount each month is less than many people spend on their cell phone. The savings each month for the 2 ½ -year plan is about the same as you'd spend on a monthly car payment.

Put your plan to work

There are many small steps that you can take to come up with your monthly or yearly savings goals. You may want to consider canceling your cell phone (or your land line) or buying a less expensive car. You can also skip your two-week vacation, save your next bonus, or reduce the amount of money you spend at restaurants and coffee shops.

You should treat your emergency fund like a bill that you pay every month. It might be a good idea to always remember to pay you first. Even though many people don't have problems sending money to their credit card companies every month, it is harder for some people to remember to send money to themselves. Figure out how much you need from your paycheck, and set that aside each month.

There is no time like now to start savings. Even if you can't afford to make large monthly payments to your account, you can take other steps. You can empty the change from your pockets at the end of the day and put it in a jar. You can eat at home instead of out, and "tip" yourself by adding to your emergency account. You can save $5 a day, and find yourself with more than $9,000 in only five years.